Modulus of rigidity of ideal liquids is
infinity
zero
unity
some finite small non-zero constant value
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As liquid is ideal so no. frictional force exists hence, tangential forces are zero so there is no stress developed.
The maximum load a wire can withstand without breaking, when its length is reduced to half of its original length, will
be double
be half
be four times
remain same
As we know that,
Breaking force
Breaking stress
When length of the wire changes (or by reducing half) area of cross-section remains same.
Hence, breaking force will be same because breaking stress does not depend on length.
The temperature of a wire is doubled. The Young's modulus of elasticity
will also double
will remain same
will become four times
will decrease
As we know that, length of a wire when the temperature increased
where is change in the temperature.
is original length,
is coefficient of linear expansion and
is length at temperature .
Now,
Now, Young's modulus
As,
So, if temperature increass increases, hence Young's modulus of elasticity decreases.
A spring is stretched by applying a load to its free end. The strain produced in the spring is
volumetric
shear
longitudinal and shear
longitudinal
When a spring is stretched by applying a load to its free end. Clearly the length and shape of the spring changes. So strain produced when change in length corresponds to longitudinal strain and change in shape corresponds to shearing strain.
A rigid bar of mass is supported symmetrically by three wires each of length . Those at each end are of copper and the middle one is of iron. The ratio of their diameters, if each is to have the same tension, is equal to
The Young's modulus
If and are constants. So,
Hence, we can find ratio as
A mild steel wire of length and cross-sectional area is stretched, well within elastic limit, horizontally
between two pillars (figure). A mass is suspended from the mid-point of the wire. Strain in the wire is
Consider the given diagram
So, change in length
.
Strain
A rectangular frame is to be suspended symmetrically by two strings of equal length on two supports
(figure). It can be done in one of the following three ways;
The tension in the strings will be
the same in all cases
least in (a)
least in (b)
least in (c)
Consider two cylindrical rods of identical dimensions, one of rubber and the other of steel. Both the rods are fixed rigidly at one end to the roof. A mass is attached to each of the free ends at the centre of the rods.
Both the rods will elongate but there shall be no perceptible change in shape
The steel rod will elongate and change shape but the rubber rod will only elongate
The steel rod will elongate without any perceptible change in shape, but the rubber rod will elongate and the shape of the bottom edge will change to an ellipse
The steel rod will elongate, without any perceptible change in shape, but the rubber rod will elongate with the shape of the bottom edge tapered to a tip at the centre
A mass is attached at the centre or midpoint of rod of rubber and steel. As the mass is attached to both the rods, both rod will be elongated as shown in figures but due to different elastic properties of
material rubber changes shape also. (Rubber) (Steel) As the Young's modulus of rigidity for steel, is larger than rubber, so strain for rubber is larger than steel for same stress.
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